Biomedical Science Letters

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Table. 1.

List of genes analyzed for test traits offered by four direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies

Category Trait Gene
Nutrition Vitamin A level PKD1L2, BCO1, PKD1L2-BCO1, TTR, RBP4
Vitamin B6 level NBPF3, ALPL, NBPF3-ALPL, ADCYAP1R1
Vitamin B12 level CUBN, MUT, FUT6, FUT2, MS4A3, MMUT
Vitamin C levela) SLC23A1, SLC23A2
Vitamin D levela) CYP2R1, GC, NADSYN1
Vitamin E level ZPR1, CYP4F2, SCARB1, APOA5
Vitamin K level TMED7-CDO1, CYP4F2, VKPRC1, ZPR1, CTNNA2
Magnesium levela) ATP2B1, DCDC5, MDS1, MDC1, SHROOM3, MUC1, TRPM6
Zinc levela) CA1, PPCDC, SLC30A3, NBDY
Iron storage and levela) TF, TFR2, TMPRSS6, KCTD17-TMPRSS6, TMPRSS6, HFE
Potassium levela) PPARG, CLASP1, PRDM8-FGF5, HOTTIP, TBX2, KCNK3, SCNN1B
Calcium levela) CARS, CYP24A1, DGKD, GCKR, BCAS3, BCAS1-CYP24A1, CASR, ATP2B1
Arginine levela) F12, KLKB1, MED23, AGXT2, DDAH1, PTPRE-MGMT, NRX1-ASB3, SLC7A2
Arginine level (SDMA/ADMA) AGXT2, DDAH1
Fatty acid level (omega-3)a) ELOVL2, FADS1, FADS2, GCKR, FFAR1, FABP2, ADIPOR2, NTAN1, PDXDC1
Fatty acid level (omega-6)
Coenzyme Q10 level SWI5, NRXN-1, HNF4A, NQO1
Tyrosine level TM65F2, TAT-MARVELD3, REV3L, SLC16A10, LOC107986521, REV3L
Betaine level BHMT2, BHMT-JMY, CPS1, SLC6A12, DMGDH
Selenium level BGMT, MEIL-AGA, SLC39A11, DMGDH, CBS, ARSB
Lutein and zeaxanthin level BCO1, PKD1L2-BCO1, BCMO1, SCARB1, RPE65, LPL
Health care Obesitya) FTO, MC4R, CLOCK, BDNF, SEC16B, NEGR1, ADCY9, LOC144233, GNPDA2, NRXN3, HNF4G, RPTOR, CDKAL1, GIPR
Body fat percentagea) FTO, PLCE1, WSCD2, PEPD, IQCH, MC4R, SPRY2
Body mass indexa) BDNF, FTO, MC4R, GNPDA2, MTCH2, ADCY3, ATP2A1
Abdominal obesity VEGFA-MRPL14, SSPN-ITPR2, LCNJ2-CASC17, ZNF423, FAM13A, HECTD4, CMIP, ZNRF3, WARS2, TNFAIP8, CCDC92, DNAH10, RSPO3, CLOCK, FFAR4, RREB1, RBRM1, CPEB4, BMP2
Weight loss effect by exercise CYYR1, DCC-MBD2, CRTC3, PRRX2, FTO, SH2B1, GIPR, MAP2K5
Possibility of weight recovery after weight loss FBLN5, LAMB1, FTO, LEP, ADRB2, POSTN
Blood sugara) CDK2A/B, DGKB-TMEM195, G6PC2, GCK, GCKR, GLIS3, MTNR1B, SLC30A8, KCNQ1, CDKAL1, SLC30A8, SIX3-SIX2, DGKB, SLC2A2, PDX1, GRB10, FOXA2, HK1
Blood pressurea) ATP2B1, CSK, CYP17A1, FGF5, GUCY1A3, NT5C2, NPR3, HECTD4, CASZ1, ARHGP42, SOX6
Triglyceride levela) BAZ1B, DOCK7, GCKR, LOC105375745, MLXIPL, TBL2, TRIB1, TRIB1-FAM84B, AQP9-LIPC, ANGPTL3
Total cholesterol ABO, SNX13, APOA5-APOA4, CMIP, HPR, POLK, MYRF, CETP, HMGCR
LDL cholesterol ABO, CELSR2, HMGCR, SORT1, PCSK9, APOC1
HDL cholesterol CETP, ABCA1, MYL2, LIPG, APOE
Uric acid levela) ABCG, GCKR, MAF, SLC22A12, SLC2A9, BCAS3, MPPED2-DCDC1, CARMIL1, SLC17A1, ALDH2
Degenerative joint inflammation sensitivitya) ALDH1A2, GDF5, RP11-95P13.2-ZC3H11B, SLC39A8, MIR572-RAB28, LTBP1, GLIS3, TGFA, CRADD, GNL3, FTO, MCF2L, BTNL2
Bone mass WNT4-ZBTB40, ZNF621-CTNNB1, MEPE-SPP1, COLEC10, FAM3C, WNT16, SFRP4, WNT4, CCDC170, LRP5, ESR1, C11orf49, SPTBN1
Motion sicknessa) ACO1, CPNE4, GPD2, LINGO2, NLGN1, HMX3-GPR26, PVRL3, MUTED, GPR26
Fitness Weight training suitabilitya) HIF1A, NOS3, ACTN3, AGT, MTHFR
Aerobic exercise suitabilitya) CRP, PGC-1α, NOS3, PPARGC1A, VEGFA, KDR, AMN1, ACSL1
Endurance exercise suitabilitya) NFIA-AS2, VEGFA, PPARD, PPARGC1A, HIF1A
Muscle development abilitya) ACTN3, AGT, TRHR, AGTR2, ACTG1, SLC8A1, SYT1, VCAN, SLC30A8
Sprinting abilitya) SLC16A1, AGTR2, ACTN3
Grip strengtha) BDNF, FTO, POC5, ZC3H4, ATXN2L, TGFA, ACTG1, SLC8A1, SYT1, CELF1, GBF1, GNPDA2, MGMT, MC4R, ADCY9
Ability to recover after exercisea) BCL11A, MED13L, SCN10A, GDF5, IL6R, SYT10, SOD2
Risk of ankle injury ACTN3, PRPSAP2
Wellness Alcohol metabolisma) ADH7, ALDH2, HECTD4, ADH1B, ADH1C
Alcohol dependencea) DRD2, OPRM1, PKNOX2, ESR1, SERINC2, ADH1B, ADH1A, ADH1C, LOC100507053, ALDH2
Alcohol flusha) ALDH2, IDO1-ZMAT4, MOB2-DUSP8
Nicotine metabolisma) CYP2A7, CYP2G1P, CYP2B7P1, CYP2A6, UGT2B10
Nicotine dependencea) CHRNA3, CHRNA4, ICE1-UBE2QL1, QSOX2-GPSM1, FERD3L-TWISTNB, GNAL, CHRNB3
Caffeine metabolisma) CYP1A2, AGR3-AHR, AHR, CYP2A6
Caffeine dependencea) CPLX3-ULK3, LAMB4-NRCAM, CAB39L, AHR, POR, BDNF, EFCAB5
Insomniaa) C5orf30, CNTN5, GNAO1, MICB, PLCL1, ZNF784, SMAD5, TGFBI, WDR27, CYCL1
Duration of sleepa) PAX8, VRK2, 6p21.33, RBFOX1, CA10-KIF2B, OLFM2, UBL5, SMYD1, FR00592
Sleep habit (snoring) MSRB3, POC5, BCL11B, KCNQ5
Sleep habit (periodic limb movement) BTBD9
Morning, evening persona) AK5, NOL4, PER3, PLC1, RASD1, FAM185A, ERC2, APH1A, TNRC6B, EXD3, PATJ
Pain sensitivitya) COMT, OPRM1, KNG1, FAM173B, FAAH, SCN10A, PMP22
Appetitea) FTO, GCKR, ANKK1, MC4R, GAD2
Dietary Satietya) FTO, LEP, GCKR, LEPR, MC4R, CCK, CCNL1
Sweet taste sensitivitya) TAS1R2, TAS1R3, FGF21, FTO
Bitter taste sensitivitya) TAS2R38, TAS2R19, TAS2R14
Salty taste sensitivitya) SCNN1B, TRPV1
Skin and hair Melasmaa) MC1R, BCN2, EMX2OS-RAB11FIP2, AKAP1-MSI2, PPARGC1B, IRF4, ASIP, BNC2, AKAP1, CDK10, FANCA, CDK5RAP1, ANKRD11, CPNE7
Frecklea)
Pigmentationa) MC1R, OCA2, SLC24A5, HERC2, TYR, FANCA
Acnea) DDB2, FST, OVOL1, SELL, TGFB2, PCNX3, SEMA4B, TGFB2-LYPLAL1, LYPLAL1-SLC30A10, LGR6
Skin inflammation (atopic detmatitis)a) OR10A3-NLRP10, IL16,OVOL1, MHC, FAM72C, RNF145-UBLCP1, LCE3D, IL13, IL23R, TMEM232, RTEL1, IL18R1, PBX2, C6ORF10, GLB1, ZNF365
Skin inflammation (contact dermatitis)a)
Skin inflammation (inflammatory acne)
Skin inflammation (psoriasis)
Skin aginga) AGER, WDR1-ZNF518B, DEF8, SLC36A3-SLC36A2, HDAC4, SLC45A2, H2AFY2
Tanning degree after sun exposurea) GRM5, LOC401937, MATP, MC1R, SLC45A2, PPARGC1B, PRDM15, CYP1B1, ASIP
Stretch marksa) ELN
Exfoliatea) FAM150B-TMEM18, HMCN1, TMEM270-ELN, HMCN1, FCN1, HLA-B, IL13, IL12B, LCE3D
Male pattern baldnessa) chr20p11, HDAC9, TARDBP, EBF1, SETBP1, AR
Alopecia areataa) HLA, HLA-DQB1, IL2RA, ACOXL, IL2-IL21, IL13, IL2RA, CTLA4, IL2, BTNL2, ULBP3, IKZF4, PRDX5
Hair thicknessa) EDAR, SOX2
Prematurely gray hair IFR4

The genetic information used for ancestry analysis was unknown; therefore, the ancestry analysis category was excluded from this table.

SDMA, symmetric dimethylarginine; ADMA, asymmetric dimethylarginine; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.

a)Common traits of four companies.

Biomed Sci Letters 2024;30:306-16 https://doi.org/10.15616/BSL.2024.30.4.306
© 2024 Biomed Sci Letters